{"id":46,"date":"2016-04-21T19:42:08","date_gmt":"2016-04-21T19:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lab.research.sickkids.ca\/neons\/?page_id=46"},"modified":"2020-10-14T19:45:31","modified_gmt":"2020-10-14T19:45:31","slug":"what-we-study","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/lab.research.sickkids.ca\/neons\/what-we-study\/","title":{"rendered":"What We Study"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Neonatal Neuroscience<br \/>\nNeoNs&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1602704295794{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69d999989f3ab\" data-id=\"69d999989f3ab\" data-height=\"10\" data-height-mobile=\"10\" data-height-tab=\"10\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;The brain develops rapidly during the third trimester of pregnancy and in the first months of life.&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|font_size:24|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1492004459909{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_separator style=&#8221;dashed&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;488&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text]Our team is using advanced magnetic resonance (MR) and\u00a0neurophysiological techniques to understand the causes of brain injury and promote optimal\u00a0neurodevelopment in high-risk newborns. Our multidisciplinary research team includes clinicians, physicists, statisticians, researchers, nurses, allied health professionals and experts in brain imaging and\u00a0monitoring. We also collaborate with Neonatal Neuroscience groups around the world. As a team, we work to improve brain health\u00a0outcomes in the following vulnerable populations:[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=&#8221;15&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_placement=&#8221;top&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1456143366903{margin-top: 15px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1449585660682{padding-right: 35px !important;padding-left: 35px !important;background-color: #efefef !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Preterm newborns&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|font_size:26|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; link=&#8221;||&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1492006416861{margin-bottom: 10px !important;border-bottom-width: 1px !important;padding-bottom: 1px !important;}&#8221;]In our studies of preterm neonates, we are asking questions such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Why does white matter injury occur?<\/li>\n<li>How can we optimize development in preterm infants?<\/li>\n<li>What impact does infection have on the\u00a0epigenome?<\/li>\n<li>How can we protect the brain from\u00a0pain?<\/li>\n<li>Does nutrition during the perinatal period impact development?<\/li>\n<li>How can we use neuroimaging to predict developmental outcomes?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_single_image image=&#8221;144&#8243; img_size=&#8221;medium&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1491512052426{padding-right: 35px !important;padding-bottom: 8px !important;padding-left: 35px !important;background-color: #efefef !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Term newborns&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|font_size:26|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; link=&#8221;||&#8221;][vc_column_text]We study term-born babies in the neonatal intensive care and cardiac critical care units, asking questions such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"Body\">What influences abnormal blood sugar have on brain development in newborns with early signs of distress?<\/li>\n<li class=\"Body\">Why some newborns with heart disease\u00a0acquire brain injury and others do not?<\/li>\n<li class=\"Body\">How does heart function affect fetal and neonatal brain development?<\/li>\n<li class=\"Body\">How\u00a0can we optimize brain development in babies with congenital heart disease?<\/li>\n<li class=\"Body\">How can we study <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sickkids.ca\/Research\/fetalMRI\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fetal cardiovascular physiology<\/a> using MRI?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;78.5px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;64px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;How we study the brain&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;20px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row gap=&#8221;15&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1453299367133{padding-bottom: 50px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;472&#8243; img_size=&#8221;200&#215;200&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_circle&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Advanced MRI&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|font_size:22|text_align:center|color:%233a3a3a|line_height:1.2&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]MRI is used to take a detailed pictures of the baby&#8217;s brain. Study participants have MRIs during periods of critical brain development such as: while they are still in utero, when they are first born, when they reach term age and\/or around clinical interventions such as therapeutic hypothermia or cardiac surgery. Our research scans are done without sedation using the feed and sleep technique.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;350&#8243; img_size=&#8221;200&#215;200&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_circle&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;MRI analysis techniques&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|font_size:22|text_align:center|color:%233a3a3a|line_height:1.2&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]Using advanced magnetic resonance (MR) techniques we can visualize\u00a0functional brain networks, microstructural volumes, neural metabolites, white and grey matter pathways and markers of brain maturation. We use these tools\u00a0to identify clinical factors that affect the brain.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;420&#8243; img_size=&#8221;200&#215;200&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_circle&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Neurophysiological testing&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|font_size:22|text_align:center|color:%233a3a3a|line_height:1.2&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]Some studies involve continuous video (cEEG) and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) as a non-invasive measure\u00a0of brain activity. EEG is\u00a0used to quantify brain electrical activity at critical points in\u00a0neonatal development, diagnose\u00a0seizures and holds\u00a0prognostic significance.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;265&#8243; img_size=&#8221;200&#215;200&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_circle&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Long-term follow up&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|font_size:22|text_align:center|color:%233a3a3a|line_height:1.2&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]As study participants grow, they\u00a0are followed\u00a0by the Neonatal Follow Up Teams\u00a0at each of our study sites. Using standardized scales of developmental outcomes\u00a0including motor, language, visual, and cognitive abilities are assessed at defined time points. Parents also complete surveys and questionnaires about their child&#8217;s behavourial development.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_separator border_width=&#8221;3&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Neonatal Neuroscience NeoNs&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1602704295794{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;The brain develops rapidly during the third trimester of pregnancy and in the first months of life.&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|font_size:24|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1492004459909{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_separator style=&#8221;dashed&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;488&#8243; 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