{"id":623,"date":"2015-09-10T18:59:11","date_gmt":"2015-09-10T18:59:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lab.research.sickkids.ca\/harrison\/?page_id=623"},"modified":"2016-12-20T15:13:27","modified_gmt":"2016-12-20T15:13:27","slug":"corrosion-casting-technique","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/lab.research.sickkids.ca\/harrison\/research\/corrosion-casting-technique\/","title":{"rendered":"Corrosion casting technique"},"content":{"rendered":"

Corrosion casting is a technique that can be applied to view the inner diameter of blood vessels and capillaries that run through out\u00a0the body. This technique is extremely useful in measuring changes in vessel size, shape and any abnormalities that may occur as a result of disease or genetic mutations.<\/span><\/h3>\n

In our lab, we have used this technique to look at the brain, the cochlea and the trachea.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>
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Perfusion<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div>

The corrosion casting technique involves perfusion of the subject whereby a polymer (mercox)\u00a0replaces the blood in the circulatory system. The image on the right represents the set up we\u00a0used during perfusion.\u00a0A\u00a0digital manometer is used to measure the changes in pressure levels while the\u00a0monomer is pumped into the system.\u00a0The pressure levels will begin to increase as the monomer polymerizes in the vessels. Care has to be taken not to let pressure levels increase too much as\u00a0there\u00a0will be leakage from smaller capillaries as the system tries to relieve the pressure. \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>

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\"set<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Brain<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div>
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Cochlea<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div>
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Trachea<\/strong><\/span><\/h2><\/div>
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Our study on the microvasculature of the brain, specifically the auditory cortex, was to better understand the relationship between heamodynamics and neuronal activity. Since it is known that\u00a0local neuronal activity in the brain tissue is coupled with an increase in local blood supply, our study confirmed that\u00a0blood capillary density in the primary auditory cortex (A1)\u00a0was significantly higher than blood capillary density\u00a0in non-auditory regions.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Therefore, our\u00a0study provides an anatomical correlation between the presence of vessel density gradients in the auditory cortex and corresponding responses to auditory evoked activity.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>

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Using this new corrosion cast method together with SEM imaging we describe some important aspects of cochlear vasculature in the normal mouse cochlea including some details about the capillary structure of stria vascularis, \u00a0the spiral limbus vessels i.e. the capillary beds within the spiral ganglion and organ of Corti\u00a0and the arteriole feeding and venous drainage of strial and spiral ligament vessels. In this modiolar region, the delicate casts are very often completely collapsed in full corrosion samples. However retaining some of the modiolar structure provides support for these capillary networks. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

This corrosion casting technique was also used for research on mouse models of presbycusis and cytomeglavirus (CMV) infection.\u00a0Results from these two studies showed\u00a0vascular degeneration in the C57BL\/6 mouse with age-related hearing loss, and in Balb\/C mice with hearing loss after intracerebral inoculation with murine CMV.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>

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Corrosion casting techniques were used to\u00a0understand the\u00a0role of angiogenesis, hypoxia and ischemia in subglottic mucosal injury following endotracheal intubation. The degree of injury can range from mild mucosal erythema or ulceration to granuloma formation and airway stenosis. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Our study showed that\u00a0subjects in the accelerated subglottic injury group had less overall angiogenic features\u00a0and more overall hypoxic\/degenerative features\u00a0compared with controls.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>

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\"Corrosion<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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\"cortec<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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HARRISON RV, HAREL N, PANESAR J, MOUNT RJ. Cereb Cortex. 2002.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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\"mouse<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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\"SEM<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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CARRARO M, NEGANDHI J, KUTHUBUTHEEN J, PROPST EJ, KUS L, LIN VY, HARRISON RV. ISRN Otolaryngology<\/em> 2013.<\/span><\/p>\n

CARRARO M, PARK A, HARRISON RV. Hearing Research<\/em>. 2016<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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\"Scanning<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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\"SEM<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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KUS LH, NEGANDHI J, SKLAR MH, ESKANDER A, ESTRADA M, HARRISON RV, CAMPISI P, FORTE V, PROPST EJ.\u00a0Journal of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery.<\/em> 2013.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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References<\/strong><\/h2><\/div>
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Carraro M, Park A, Harrison RV. (2016) Partial corrosion casting to assess cochlear vasculature in mouse models of presbycusis and CMV infection. Hearing Research<\/em>. 332 95-103.<\/span><\/p>\n

Carraro M,\u00a0Negandhi J,\u00a0Kuthubutheen J,\u00a0Propst E.J.,\u00a0Kus L.H.,\u00a0Lin V.Y.W.\u00a0and\u00a0Harrison R.V. Attenuating cardiac pulsations within the cochlea: Structure and function of tortuous vessels feeding Stra Vascularis. ISRN Otolaryngology<\/strong><\/em>. (2013) 2013:941757.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kus L.H.,\u00a0Negandhi J.,\u00a0Sklar M.C.,\u00a0Eskander A.,\u00a0Estrada M,\u00a0Harrison R.V.,\u00a0Campisi P.,\u00a0Forte V.\u00a0and\u00a0Propst E.J. Angiogenesis in costal cartilage graft laryngotracheoplasty: A corrosion cast study in piglets. The Laryngoscope<\/strong><\/em>. (2014) 124: 2411-2417.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kus L.H.,\u00a0Sklar M.C.,\u00a0Negandhi J.,\u00a0Estrada M.,\u00a0Eskander A.,\u00a0Harrison R.V.,\u00a0Campisi P,\u00a0Forte\u00a0V.\u00a0and\u00a0Propst E.J. Corrosion casting of the subglottis following endotracheal tube intubation injury: a pilot study in Yorkshire piglets. J. Otolarynology – Head and Neck Surg.<\/strong><\/em> (2013) 42:52.<\/span><\/p>\n

Licup-Bravo A.T.D.,\u00a0Mount R.J.,\u00a0Minnich B.,\u00a0Lametschwandtner A.\u00a0and\u00a0Harrison R.V. Microvascular characteristics of auditory cortex: A corrosion cast study. Microsc. Microanal.<\/strong><\/em> (2005) 11(suppl 2): 176- 177.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mount R.J.,\u00a0Licup-Bravo A.T.D.,\u00a0Pienkowski M.,\u00a0Daniel S.\u00a0and\u00a0Harrison R.V. <\/span>Changes to Vascular Supply of Auditory Cortex Following Chronic Conductive <\/span>Hearing Loss<\/span>. Microsc. Microanal<\/strong><\/em>. (2005) 11(suppl 2): 1214- 1215.<\/span><\/p>\n

Harrison RV, Harel N, Panesar J, Mount RJ. Blood capillary distribution correlates with hemodynamic based functional imaging in cerebral cortex. Cereb Cortex<\/strong> (2002)<\/em>12: 225-233.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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